Yep, you're definitely on the right track now. Of course it's never as simple as that, and every situation is different.
For example, if a loose passive players that almost never cbets, bets on that kind of board, maybe you should even just be folding right away. Even if that seems super nitty. And like you said, against very aggressive players it will indeed be better to just call these types of hands.
But of course it goes further than that. Let's say that you now have A2 and raise pre flop from the button and the flop comes 752 after one of the blinds calls. You have a made hand now, but it's basically worthless. Yet you can still make a cbet here usually. Now assume the turn and river are a Q and K (with no flushes completing). These are two great cards to continue betting on, since it's unlikely your opponent has either a K or Q, and better hands than yours are very likely to fold. So that would be a great spot to turn your hand into a bluff, even though you have a very weak made hand.
But the same could apply if you had for example 76s on that same board runout. While your pair of 7s might be good more often than a pair of 2s (like in the above example), it's still a very weak hand on the river, and betting three times wouldn't be a bad thing to get better hands to fold, such as better 7x, pocket pairs, or even a random Qx if he called with overcards on the flop. So that would be a great spot to turn a made hand into a bluff. There is no value in betting with it, but better hands might fold.
I might be going a bit too much in-depth here though, hopefully I'm not confusing you too much! 
Just drop another message if anything is unclear or if you want to know more